Volume 1 Issue 2 December 2025, The Operating Room Global Journal.


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ISSN: 3105-3262 | CC-BY 4.0 Licensed | Peer-Reviewed, Open Access & International
Issue DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj1125001
Issue Theme:Advancing Safe, Ethical, and Sustainable Patient-Centred Care Across Global Surgical and Perioperative Systems.


Volume 1 Issue 2 | December 2025

Letter from our Editor-in-Chief

Advancing Safe, Ethical, and Sustainable Patient-Centred Care Across Surgical and Perioperative Systems

As we present Volume 1, Issue 2 of The Operating Room Global Journal, I invite our readers to pause and reflect on a simple yet profound truth: at the heart of every surgical intervention lies a human life shaped by trust, vulnerability, and hope. This issue is dedicated to advancing care that is not only clinically sound, but deeply ethical, patient-centred, and sustainably embedded within health systems worldwide.

Surgical and perioperative care across the globe is evolving rapidly. Innovation, data, and technology continue to transform how we diagnose, treat, and heal. Yet progress must be guided by purpose. Safety, ethical responsibility, equity, and sustainability must remain our compass, particularly as disparities in access, resources, and outcomes persist across regions and health systems. These priorities align closely with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), SDG 12 (Responsible Practices), and SDG 16 (Strong Institutions).

The scholarship featured in this issue reflects these realities with clarity and courage. From studies examining occupational exposure risks and antimicrobial resistance, to ethical perspectives on end-of-life decisions, patient-reported quality of life, and system audits addressing access, cost, and waiting times, the contributions collectively remind us that quality care is inseparable from the systems that sustain it. Several manuscripts emerge from resource-limited settings, offering grounded insights into resilience, innovation, and the pursuit of excellence despite constraint. These voices are essential in shaping a truly global and equitable conversation on surgical and perioperative care.

A recurring message throughout this issue is the need to strengthen cultures of safety, transparency, accountability, and learning. Improving incident reporting, reducing delays, addressing workforce and cost burdens, embedding ethical reflection into clinical practice, and promoting responsible use of resources are not merely administrative goals, they are moral and institutional imperatives that directly affect patient dignity, safety, and outcomes.

What gives me great optimism is the diversity and depth of perspectives represented here. Authors from different regions, disciplines, and clinical environments come together with a shared intention: to improve care for patients we may never meet, yet to whom we are collectively accountable. This spirit of shared responsibility across borders and systems defines both the vision of The Operating Room Global Journal and its contribution to sustainable global health development.

I extend my sincere gratitude to our authors, reviewers, and editorial team for their dedication and intellectual generosity. Their work strengthens not only this journal, but the broader global effort to deliver safer, fairer, ethically grounded, and more sustainable surgical care.

May the insights in this issue inspire reflection, dialogue, and action reminding us that progress in surgery is measured not only by technical success, but by the trust we earn, the systems we strengthen, and the lives we serve.

With warm regards,
Dr. Zakir Hussain Parray
Editor-in-Chief, The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ)

Download Full Issue Below

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2512005

Waiting Times for Cataract Surgery in a Dedicated Cataract Clinic: A Retrospective Audit.

Emma Hennessy1*, Emily Greenan1, Adebusola Adenike Owokole1,2, Conall Hurley1

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Health Service Executive (HSE), Mid-West, Ireland.
²The Operating Room Global (TORG).

*Corresponding Author: Emma


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2511002

Clinical Incidents Reporting Practice and Associated Factors Among Health Professionals in Debre Birhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North Shoa, Amhara, Ethiopia.

Nigussise Tefera Habiteyohannis1,4*, Muluken Tessema Aemiro2, Esubalew Tesfahun2, Sewnet Getaye Workie3

1Debre Birhan Comprehensive Specialised Hospital, Debre Berhan, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
2Department of Health informatics, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus,
Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
3Department of  Public Health, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University,
Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
4The Operating Room Global (TORG).

*Corresponding Author: Nigussie


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2512002

Patterns of Intravitreal Injection Utilisation, Treatment Burden, and Cost Implications in a Public Ophthalmology Service: A Retrospective Audit.

Thomas Ahern1*, Adebusola Adenike Owokole1,2, Conall Hurley1

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Health Service Executive (HSE), Mid-West, Ireland.
²The Operating Room Global (TORG)

*Corresponding Author: Thomas


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509006

Emergency Room Foley Catheter Retrieval of an Oesophageal Foreign Body In A Low-Resource Setting: A Case Series.

Ubraine Njineck Wunde1,2*, Tiokeng Drem’s Taillor Fomekong4, Brandon Tita Tembi Ticha3, Joshua Cho Mbony1, Elisabeth Attha1, Fidelis Nyaah1,
Fabrice Tiencheu Tim5,6

1Presbyterian Health Complex Nsimeyong Yaoundé, Cameroon.
2Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
3Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health,  Emory University, USA.
4Nkambe Regional Hospital Annexe, Cameroon.
5Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Cameroon.
6Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon.

*Corresponding Author: Ubraine


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2508003

Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Natasha Aftab1*, Asima Riasat1

1Department of Allied Health Sciences, Gulab Devi Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

*Corresponding Author: Natasha


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2512001

Ethical Perceptions of Euthanasia Among Medical and Non-Medical Undergraduate Students in Pakistan: A Qualitative Exploratory Study.

Syeda Fatima Qamar1*, Areesha Zehra1, Asjed Sanaullah2,3

1Ibadat International University, Islamabad
2Health Services Academy, Ministry of Health, Islamabad
3The Operating Room Global (TORG)

*Corresponding Author: Syeda


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2507002

Managing Recurrent Osteomyelitis in the Context of Antimicrobial Resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review.

Emmanuel Abiodun Owolabi1*, Priscilla Olaoluwa Bakare1, Winifred Olajumoke Fagbenro1

1Benjamin S. Carson (SNR) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author: Emmanuel


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509007

Prevalence And Sex-Related Structural Differences Of The Thebesian Valve In A Select Kenyan Population: Autopsy Study.

Josphat Kimani1*, James Kigera1, Moses Obimbo1,  Oliver Kinoti1, Ian Ng’ang’a1, Mohammed Farah1

1Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.

*Corresponding Author: Josphat


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2510001

Osteochondroma of the Pubic Ramus Presenting with Sexual Dysfunction: A Case Report.

Kidanemariam Abrha Teka, MD¹*; Mezgebu Aregawi Gebrehawariat, MD¹; Kahsay Gebrearegai Weldemihret, MD¹; Seare Halefom Kahsay, MD²; Zeamanuel Berihu Teshome, MD³

1Department of Orthopedics, Mekelle University, Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia.
2Department of Neurosurgery, Mekelle University, Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia.
3Department of Radiology, Mekelle University, Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia.

*Corresponding Author: Kidanemariam


Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2507005

Ethylene Oxide Gas Sterilization: A Systematic Review of Carcinogenicity, Toxicity And Occupational Exposure

Hafiza Tuba Razzaq1*, Abdul Wajid2, Asjed Sanaullah3, Muhammad Mohsin yar4, Shafqat Abbas5

1Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
2Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
3Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
4Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Lahore, Pakistan.
5Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Wazirabad, Pakistan.

*Corresponding Author: Hafiza …


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