The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ)

Outcomes of Smart or Automated Sterilization Tracking in Central Sterile Services Departments (CSSDs): A Systematic Review.

Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002

Authors: Hafiz Abdul Mannan¹* and Kevin Green^1
1 Allevia Hospitals, Auckland, New Zealand.

Cite:

• APA (7th edition): Mannan, H. A., & Green, K. (2025, October 23). Outcomes of smart or automated sterilization tracking in central sterile services departments (CSSDs): A systematic review. The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ), 1(1). https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002
• Harvard: Mannan, H.A. and Green, K., 2025. Outcomes of smart or automated sterilization tracking in central sterile services departments (CSSDs): A systematic review. The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ), 1(1). Published 23 October. Available at: https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002
• Vancouver: Mannan HA, Green K. Outcomes of smart or automated sterilization tracking in central sterile services departments (CSSDs): A systematic review. The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ). 2025 Oct 23;1(1). https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002
• MLA (9th edition): Mannan, Hafiz Abdul, and Kevin Green. “Outcomes of Smart or Automated Sterilization Tracking in Central Sterile Services Departments (CSSDs): A Systematic Review.” The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ), vol. 1, no. 1, 23 Oct. 2025, https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002
• Chicago (Author–Date): Mannan, Hafiz Abdul, and Kevin Green. 2025. “Outcomes of Smart or Automated Sterilization Tracking in Central Sterile Services Departments (CSSDs): A Systematic Review.” The Operating Room Global Journal (TORGJ) 1 (1), October 23. https://doi.org/10.64573/torgj2509002

Corresponding Author:
Hafiz Abdul Mannan
[email protected],
Declaration:
Authors’ Contribution: Equal contributions.
Conflict of Interest:
No conflict of interest
Funding:
No funding received by the authors.

Article History:

Received: 13-09-2025 Accepted: 10-10-2025

Available Online : 23-10-2025

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ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of smart or automated sterilization tracking systems in Central Sterile Services Departments (CSSDs) compared to conventional manual methods. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched from January 2010 to July 2025. Studies evaluating automated tracking systems in CSSDs were included. Data on clinical satisfaction, instrument cleaning and packaging qualification rates, and process outcomes were extracted. Study quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools. Results: Nine studies (390,130 instruments; 32 staff members) were included. Automated systems consistently outperformed manual methods across outcomes. Clinical satisfaction increased by 9-23% with automation. Cleaning qualification rates improved by 1-10%, while packaging qualification rates increased by 4-30%. Process efficiency also improved, with reductions in instrument turnaround times ranging from 1 to 5 minutes per item to 20 minutes per batch. All studies were of moderate to high methodological quality. Conclusion: Implementation of smart, automated sterilization tracking systems in CSSDs leads to significant improvements in instrument processing quality, staff satisfaction, and operational efficiency compared to manual methods. CSSD managers and OR professionals should adopt smart sterilization tracking systems to ensure higher processing quality, improved efficiency, and safer patient outcomes. These technologies enhance patient safety and infection control practices in healthcare settings. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term clinical and economic impacts. Keywords: Smart sterilization tracking, Central Sterile Services Department, automated systems, process efficiency, infection control, patient safety.

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